Abstract Experimental models that consider host-pathogen interactions are relevant for improving knowledge about oral candidiasis. The aim of this study was to assess the epithelial immune responses, Candida penetration of cell monolayers, and virulence during mixed species culture infections. Single species cultures of Candida albicans and mixed cultures (C. albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis) were used to infect monolayers of HaCaT and FaDu ATCC HTB-43 cells for 12 h. After infection, IL-18 and IL-34 gene expression was measured to assess epithelial cell immune responses, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured as an indicator of cell damage. Microscopy determined C. albicans morphology and penetration of fungal cells through the keratinocyte monolayer. Monolayers devoid of infection served as controls. Data were analyzed by an ANOVA one-way test followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test (α = 0.05). The results found that IL-18 and IL-34 gene expression and LDH activity were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated for both cell lines exposed to mixed species cultures compared with C. albicans alone. Candida albicans yeast and hyphae were evident in C. albicans only infections. In contrast, monolayers infected by C. albicans, S. mutans, and S. sanguinis exhibited higher microbial invasion with several hyphal aggregates detected. The presence of streptococci in C. albicans infection enhances the virulence and pathogenicity of the fungus with associated increased immune responses and tissue damage. Extrapolation of these findings to oral infection would indicate the added potential benefit of managing bacterial components of biofilms during treatment.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta epithelial imune, a colonização da Candida albicans em monocamadas celulares e sua virulência em resposta a infecções de culturas de biofilme multiespécie. Culturas de biofilme monoespécie de C. albicans e culturas mistas (C. albicans, Streptococcus mutans e Streptococcus sanguinis) foram utilizadas para infectar monocamadas de células HaCaT e FaDu por 12 h. Após a infecção, a expressão dos genes IL-18 e IL-34 foi medida para avaliar as respostas imunes das células epiteliais. A atividade da lactato desidrogenase (LDH) foi medida como um indicador de dano celular. A microscopia determinou a morfologia de C. albicans e a penetração das células fúngicas através da monocamada de queratinócitos. Monocamadas em que não houve infecção serviram como controles. Os dados foram analisados por um teste ANOVA one-way seguido pelo teste post-hoc de Tukey (α = 0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que a expressão gênica de IL-18 e IL-34 e a atividade de LDH foram (p < 0,05) reguladas positivamente para ambas as linhagens de células expostas a culturas de espécies mistas em comparação com C. albicans isoladamente. Leveduras de C.albicans e hifas foram evidentes em infecções apenas por C. albicans. Entretanto, monocamadas infectadas por C. albicans, S. mutans e S. sanguinis exibiram maior invasão microbiana com vários agregados de hifas detectados. Dessa maneira, a presença de estreptococos na infecção por C. albicans aumentou a virulência e a patogenicidade do fungo com respostas imunes aumentadas associadas a danos nos tecidos. A extrapolação desses achados para a infecção oral indicaria o potencial benéfico do controle dos componentes bacterianos em biofilmes durante a terapia da candidíase

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effect and the solubility of experimental root canal filling pastes containing the phytoconstituents terpineol and cinnamaldehyde. Material and Methods: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each phytoconstituent was determined against Enterococcus faecalis. Five groups of antibiotic pastes based on zinc oxide were obtained by mixing: only terpineol, only cinnamaldehyde, terpineol and cinnamaldehyde combined, chlorhexidine (antibiotic control), and CTZ paste (control paste). Antibacterial activity was analyzed through direct contact test within 24 and 72 hours. Solubility was evaluated by spectrophotometry within 48 and 144 hours. Antibacterial activity data were analyzed descriptively, and solubility data was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Results: The MIC obtained for terpineol and cinnamaldehyde were, respectively, 2000 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL. After 24h, only the terpineol paste did not inhibit E. faecalis growth. After 72h, all groups inhibited E. faecalis growth. After 48h, the highest solubility was verified in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), and no differences were detected among other groups (p>0.05). After and 144h, highest solubility was observed in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), followed by the CTZ paste (p<0.05). No differences were detected for cinnamaldehyde, terpineol+cinnamaldehyde and chlorhexidine pastes (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pastes containing cinnamaldehyde or terpineol+cinnamaldehyde showed antibacterial activity against E. faecalis similar to CTZ paste, with lower solubility.

Resumo Esta revisão sistemática comparou o estado de saúde bucal entre idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados. As seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas foram pesquisadas: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs e Cochrane Library, de forma abrangente e irrestrita. Pesquisas eletrônicas recuperaram 1.687 artigos, que foram analisados com relação aos respectivos critérios de elegibilidade. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos, cinco estudos foram incluídos e analisados quanto à qualidade metodológica. A condição bucal de idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados foi comparada por meio de meta-análise. Os artigos incluídos envolveram um delineamento transversal, que investigou 1.936 indivíduos acima de 60 anos, sendo 999 institucionalizados e 937 não institucionalizados. Investigou-se a prevalência de edentulismo, a experiência de cárie e a condição periodontal. A meta-análise revelou que idosos institucionalizados possuem maior prevalência de edentulismo (OR = 2,28, IC95% = 1,68-3,07), maior número de dentes cariados (DM = 0,88, IC95% = 0,71-1,05) e de dentes perdidos (DM = 4.58, IC95% = 1,89-7,27). A condição periodontal ruim não diferiu significativamente entre os grupos. Comparados aos não institucionalizados, os idosos institucionalizados tem pior experiência de cárie.

Abstract This systematic review compared the oral health status between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders. The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Cochrane Library, in a comprehensive and unrestricted manner. Electronic searches retrieved 1687 articles, which were analyzed with regards to respective eligibility criteria. After reading titles and abstracts, five studies were included and analyzed with respect their methodological quality. Oral status of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly was compared through meta-analysis. Included articles involved a cross-sectional design, which investigated 1936 individuals aged 60 years and over, being 999 Institutionalized and 937 non-institutionalized elders. Studies have investigated the prevalence of edentulous individuals, the dental caries experience and the periodontal status. Meta-analysis revealed that institutionalized elderly have greater prevalence of edentulous (OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.68-3.07) and higher number of decayed teeth (MD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.71-1.05) and missed teeth (MD = 4.58, 95%CI = 1.89-7.27). Poor periodontal status did not differ significantly between groups. Compared to non-institutionalized, institutionalized elders have worse dental caries experience.

Resumo Introdução As resinas compostas são alternativas restauradoras, porém sua superfície pode favorecer o acúmulo de biofilme. Objetivo Analisar in vitro a adesão de biofilmes de Streptococcus mutans (UA159) e Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) em superfícies de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk fill. Material e método Foram utilizadas quatro marcas de resinas compostas e bulk fill: Aura Bulk Fill - SDI®; Premisa - Kerr®; Opallis- FGM®, e Filtek bulk fill flow - 3M®. Utilizou-se saliva artificial para formação da película salivar, por 60 min a 37 °C. O inóculo foi padronizado em 1×108 UFC/mL para S. mutans e 1×106 UFC/mL para C. albicans. Os espécimes (n=8/grupo) foram acondicionados em placas de 24 poços, com BHI suplementado com sacarose para as bactérias, e RPMI 1640, para os fungos. A formação do biofilme foi avaliada considerando as unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC/mL).Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultado Para os biofilmes de S. mutans, não houve diferença significativa na contagem de UFC/mL entre os diferentes tipos de resina (p=0,119). Na contagem de UFC/mL para biofilme de Candida, as médias variaram entre 7,78 e 8,34. Houve diferença significativa entre as marcas, especialmente entre as resinas convencionais e bulk fill. Conclusão O presente estudo demonstra que não há diferença na adesão para biofilmes de S. mutans. Porém, há diferença na adesão da C. albicans na superfície de diferentes resinas compostas.

Abstract Introduction Composite resins are restorative alternatives, but their surface may favor the accumulation of biofilm. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (UA159) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) biofilms on the surface of conventional and bulk fill composites. Material and method Four brands of conventional and bulk fill composites were used, Aura Bulk Fill - SDI®, Premisa - Kerr®, Opallis- FGM® and Filtek bulk fill flow - 3M®. Artificial saliva was used to form the salivary film for 60 min at 37 ° C. The inoculum was standardized at 1x108 CFU/mL for S. mutans and 1x106 CFU/mL for C. albicans. The specimens (n = 8/group) were placed in 24-well plates, with BHI supplemented with sucrose for bacteria and RPMI 1640 for fungi. The biofilm formation was evaluated considering the colony forming units (CFU/mL). The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (p <0.05). Result For S. mutans biofilms, there was no significant difference in the CFU/mL count between the different types of composites (p = 0.119). In the CFU / mL count for C.albicans biofilm, the CFU/mL ranged from 7.78 to 8.34. There was a significant difference between brands for Candida, especially between conventional and bulk fill composites. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that there is no difference in adhesion for S. mutans biofilms. On the other hand, there is a difference in the adhesion of C. albicans to the surface of different composite resins.

Resumo Esta revisão sistemática comparou o estado de saúde bucal entre idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados. As seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas foram pesquisadas: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs e Cochrane Library, de forma abrangente e irrestrita. Pesquisas eletrônicas recuperaram 1.687 artigos, que foram analisados com relação aos respectivos critérios de elegibilidade. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos, cinco estudos foram incluídos e analisados quanto à qualidade metodológica. A condição bucal de idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados foi comparada por meio de meta-análise. Os artigos incluídos envolveram um delineamento transversal, que investigou 1.936 indivíduos acima de 60 anos, sendo 999 institucionalizados e 937 não institucionalizados. Investigou-se a prevalência de edentulismo, a experiência de cárie e a condição periodontal. A meta-análise revelou que idosos institucionalizados possuem maior prevalência de edentulismo (OR = 2,28, IC95% = 1,68-3,07), maior número de dentes cariados (DM = 0,88, IC95% = 0,71-1,05) e de dentes perdidos (DM = 4.58, IC95% = 1,89-7,27). A condição periodontal ruim não diferiu significativamente entre os grupos. Comparados aos não institucionalizados, os idosos institucionalizados tem pior experiência de cárie.

Abstract This systematic review compared the oral health status between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders. The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Cochrane Library, in a comprehensive and unrestricted manner. Electronic searches retrieved 1687 articles, which were analyzed with regards to respective eligibility criteria. After reading titles and abstracts, five studies were included and analyzed with respect their methodological quality. Oral status of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly was compared through meta-analysis. Included articles involved a cross-sectional design, which investigated 1936 individuals aged 60 years and over, being 999 Institutionalized and 937 non-institutionalized elders. Studies have investigated the prevalence of edentulous individuals, the dental caries experience and the periodontal status. Meta-analysis revealed that institutionalized elderly have greater prevalence of edentulous (OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.68-3.07) and higher number of decayed teeth (MD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.71-1.05) and missed teeth (MD = 4.58, 95%CI = 1.89-7.27). Poor periodontal status did not differ significantly between groups. Compared to non-institutionalized, institutionalized elders have worse dental caries experience.

Abstract Relevant public policies in oral health have been implemented in Brazil since 2004. Changes in the epidemiological status of dental caries are expected, mainly in the child population. This study aimed to assess the dental caries experience and associated factors among 12-year-old children in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with data obtained from 415 cities, including a total of 26,325 schoolchildren who were included by the double-stage cluster technique, by lot and by systematic sampling. The statistical model included data from the São Paulo Oral Health Survey (SBSP 2015), the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). A theoretical-conceptual model categorized the variables into three blocks, namely, contextual (HDI, SVI, region of residence and fluoridation of water), individual (sex and ethnicity) and periodontal conditions (gingival bleeding, dental calculus and the presence of periodontal pockets), for association with the experience of caries (DMFT). Statistically significant associations were verified by hierarchical multivariate logistic (L) and Poisson (P) regression analyses (p < 0.05). The results showed that 57.7% of 12-year-old children had caries experience. Factors that determined a greater prevalence of dental caries in both models were nonwhite ethnicity (ORL = 1.113, ORP = 1.154) and the presence of gingival bleeding (ORL = 1.204, ORP = 1.255). Male children (ORL = 0.920 ORP = 0.859) and higher HDI (ORL = 0.022), ORP = 0.040) were associated with a lower prevalence of dental caries experience. Water fluoridation was associated with a lower DMFT index (ORP = 0.766). Dental caries experience is still associated with social inequalities at different levels. Policymakers should direct interventions towards reducing inequalities and the prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old children.

Resumo Introdução Fios de suturas com antimicrobianos são uma alternativa terapêutica para o controle de infecções orais. Objetivo Incorporar Clorexidina (CHX) e Cinamaldeído (CN) em fios de sutura e avaliar o efeito anti-Candida, liberação de antimicrobianos e as propriedades mecânicas. Material e método Fios de Seda (S) e Poliglactina 910 (P) foram seccionadas assepticamente (20 mm) e imersos para incorporação em CHX a 0,12%, CN a 0,4% e solução fisiológica a 0,9% sob agitação por 60 minutos (n = 10 / grupo). Suspensões de 500 μL de Candida albicans (ATCC 90028/1 × 106 UFC / mL) foram utilizadas para avaliar a aderência fúngica após o período de 48 horas a 37 ° C. A liberação de CLX e CN foi avaliada em 0, 24 e 48 horas (n = 3 / grupo) por espectrofotômetro UV-VIS (275 nm). A resistência à tração e o deslocamento (n = 5 / grupo) foram avaliados após a incorporação (30 mm / min, 50N). Os dados foram analisados por Anova e Tukey (α = 5%). Resultado Não foi observado efeito anti-Candida nas suturas S e P incorporadas com CLX e CN (p> 0,05). No entanto, a liberação progressiva foi verificada até 48 após o tratamento com CLX (S = 0,075 / P = 0,073 μg / mL) e CN (S = 35,33 / P= 5,72 μg / mL). Houve uma diminuição na resistência à tração em S (CLX = 9,9 / CN = 9,9 N) e P (CLX = 14,4 / CN = 15,5 N) (p <0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças para o deslocamento para S (CLX = 19,3 / CN=20,7 mm) e P (CLX = 16,2 /CN= 15,8 mm) (p> 0,05). Conclusão A incorporação de CLX e CN não teve efeito positivo sobre as propriedades biológicas e mecânicas das suturas avaliadas.

Abstract Introduction Antimicrobial sutures are a therapeutic alternative for the control of oral infections. Objective Incorporate Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Cinnamaldehyde (CN) in sutures and evaluate the anti-Candida effect, release of antimicrobials and mechanical properties. Material and method Silk (S) and Polyglactin 910 (P) sutures were aseptically sectioned (20 mm) and immersed for incorporation in 0.12% CHX, 0.4% CN and 0.9% saline solutions under stirring for 60 minutes (n = 10 / group). Suspensions of 500 μL of Candida albicans (ATCC 90028/ 1 × 106 CFU/mL) were used to evaluate fungal adhesion after the 48 h period at 37°C. The release of CLX and CN were evaluated at 0, 24 and 48 hours (n=3/group) by UV-VIS spectrophotometer (275 nm). The tensile strength and displacement (n=5/group) were evaluated after incorporation (30 mm/min, 50N). Data were analyzed by Anova and Tukey (α = 5%). Result No anti-Candida effect was observed on S and P sutures incorporated with CLX and CN (p>0.05). However, progressive release was verified up to 48 after treatment with CLX (S = 0.075 / P = 0.073 μg/mL) and CN (S = 35.33 /P= 5.72 μg/mL). There was a decrease in tensile strength in S (CLX = 9.9 / CN = 9.9 N) and P (CLX = 14.4 / CN = 15.5 N) (p<0.05). No differences were observed for the displacement for S (CLX = 19.3 / CN=20.7 mm) and P (CLX = 16.2 / CN=15.8 mm) (p>0.05). Conclusion The incorporation of CLX and CN did not have a positive effect on the biological and mechanical properties of the sutures evaluated.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate in vitro the presence of fluoride in saliva after applying professional use products on the surface of dental enamel. Material and Methods: Experimental groups were composed by: Cariostatic 12% (CA), Fluoridated Varnish 5% (FV), Fluorine Acidulate Gel 1.23% (AG) and Fluorine Neutral Gel 2% (NG). Fluoridated dentifrice (FD) and Artificial Saliva (AS) were used as controls. Products (10 μL) were applied to the surface of bovine enamel blocks (4×4×1 mm, n = 18) and immersed in 10 mL of artificial saliva at room temperature. Aliquots of artificial saliva (750 μL) of each sample were collected 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours after application of the products. Analyses were performed in triplicate, using a fluoride ion-specific electrode coupled to a potentiometer. The equipment was calibrated using a standard curve for fluoride analysis from 0.125 to 64 μgF-/mL. Results: Greater fluoride concentration (μgF-/mL) was observed after 1h application, as follows: 197.40 (NG), 172.21 (AG), 20.25 (CA), 14.49 (FV) e 11.81 (FD). Fluoride concentration increased overtime for all groups. After 48h, the following fluoride concentrations were assessed: 428.12 (AG), 267.25 (NG), 65.36 (FV), and 62.52 (CA). Conclusion: Greater fluoride release was observed for AG and NG groups, mostly after 1h application.

Resumo Fototerapia tem sido indicada como um tratamento adjuvante para o reparo de tecidos, incluindo o tecido pulpar. Entretanto, não há parâmetros de irradiação definidos, o que representa um grande desafio para o uso clínico da fototerapia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da fototerapia com LED vermelho em células MDPC-23 com fenótipo odontoblastóide, usando vários parâmetros. As células foram semeadas (104 células/cm2), incubadas por 12 h em DMEM completo e então o meio de cultura foi trocado por DMEM com 0,5% SFB. Após 12 h de incubação, as irradiações foram realizadas (630±10 nm) usando um dispositivo com densidade de potência de 20 ou 40 mW/cm2 e dose de energia de 2 J/cm2. As células foram irradiadas 1 ou 3 vezes, com intervalos de 1 min. Células não irradiadas serviram como controle. Foram avaliadas a viabilidade (ensaio de MTT), dosagem de proteína total (método de Lowry) e número de células viáveis (ensaio de Trypan blue). Os dados (n=12 por grupo) foram submetidos aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (p=0,05). Uma única irradiação com 20 ou 40 mW/cm2 aumentou a viabilidade celular, a qual foi negativamente afetada após 3 irradiações. Células irradiadas apenas uma vez com 20 mW/cm2 produziram mais proteínas comparadas com aquelas irradiadas com 40 mW/cm2. Redução no número de células viáveis ocorreu apenas após 3 irradiações com 40 mw/cm2. Em conclusão, o LED vermelho foi capaz de biomodular a atividade metabólica de células MDPC-23. A melhor bioestimulação celular foi obtida quando uma única irradiação com dose de energia de 2 J/cm2 e densidade de potência de 20 mW/cm2 foi administrada às células pulpares.

Abstract Phototherapy has been indicated as an adjunctive treatment for tissue repair, including the pulp tissue. However, there are no defined irradiation parameters, which is a great challenge to the clinical use of phototherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phototherapy with red LED on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells, using different parameter settings. Cells were seeded (104 cells/cm²), incubated for 12 h in complete DMEM and then the culture medium was replaced by DMEM supplemented with 0.5% FBS. After 12 h incubation, irradiations were performed (630±10 nm) using a LEDTable device with a 20 or 40 mW/cm² power density and 2 J/cm² energy dose. The cells were irradiated 1 or 3 times, at 1 min intervals. Non-irradiated cells served as control. The cells were evaluated for viability (MTT assay), total protein dosage (Lowry method) and number of viable cells (Trypan blue). The data (n=12 per group) were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p=0.05). A single irradiation with 20 or 40 mW/cm² enhanced cell viability, which was negatively affected after 3 consecutive irradiations. Cells irradiated only once with 20 mW/cm² produced more proteins compared with those irradiated with 40 mW/cm². Reduction in the number of viable cells occurred only after 3 consecutive irradiations with 40 mW/cm². In conclusion, red LED was capable of biomodulating the metabolic activities of cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. The best cell biostimulation was obtained when a single irradiation with 2 J/cm2 energy dose and 20 mW/cm2 power density was delivered to the pulp cells.

<p>Apesar de diversos estudos envolvendo regeneração tecidual, incluindo o reparo pulpar induzido por diferentes fontes de luz, dados limitados têm sido reportados a respeito dos efeitos da irradiação com diodos emissores de luz (LED) sobre células-tronco de dentes decíduos esfoliados (SHEDs). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes doses de energia (DE) do LED infravermelho sobre a viabilidade celular, número de células viáveis e produção de nódulos mineralizados (NM) por SHEDs. As células foram obtidas a partir de dentes decíduos próximos ao período de esfoliação (n=3), semeadas em DMEM completo (10⁴ células/cm2) e irradiadas utilizando um protótipo de LED (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm²⁾ com as doses de 0 (controle), 2, 4, 8, 15 ou 30 J/cm² (n=9). A viabilidade celular (MTT), o número de células viáveis (trypan blue assay) e a formação de NM (alizarin red stain) foram realizados 12 e 72 h após a irradiação. Os dados foram avaliados utilizando os testes Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (α=0,05). As células irradiadas com 2 ou 4 J/cm² exibiram uma maior viabilidade em 72 h, e todas as DE aumentaram o número de células viáveis após 12 h. Para a formação de NM, os melhores resultados foram observados 72 h após a irradição das SHEDs, com as doses de 8 e 15 J/cm². Concluiu-se que a viabilidade celular, o número de células e a formação de NM por células pulpares são aumentados após exposição ao LED infravermelho. De um modo geral, a melhor bioestimulação celular (SHEDs) foi obtida com 4 e 8 J/cm².</p>

<p>Despite several reports regarding tissue regeneration, including pulp repair induced by different light sources, only limited data have been reported concerning the effects of light-emitting diodes (LED) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different energy densities of infrared LED on the cell viability, number of cells and mineralized tissue production by SHEDs. SHEDs were obtained from near-exfoliation primary teeth (n=3), seeded in plain DMEM (104 cells/cm2), and irradiated by a LED prototype (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm2) delivering 0 (control), 2, 4, 8, 15 or 30 J/cm2 (n=9). Cell viability (MTT assay), cell proliferation (trypan blue assay), and mineralized nodule (MN) formation (alizarin red stain) were assessed 12 and 72 h post-irradiation. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Cells irradiated with 2 or 4 J/cm2 exhibited higher metabolism at 72 h, and all energy densities provided increase in cell proliferation after 12 h. Regarding MN formation, the best results were observed at 72 h after SHED irradiation with 8 and 15 J/cm2. It was concluded that the cell viability, cell number and MN formation by pulp cells are enhanced after exposure to infrared LED irradiation. Overall, the greatest SHED biostimulation was obtained with 4 and 8 J/cm2.</p>

Introdução:A efetividade de soluções antimicrobianas empregadas na descontaminação de próteses ainda é incerta.Objetivo:Avaliar a atividade antifúngica de soluções empregadas na descontaminação de próteses sobre o crescimento de Candida albicans.Material e método: Foram avaliados os produtos: Corega Tabs Branqueador(r) (S1), Hipoclorito de Sódio 1% (S2), Bicarbonato de Sódio 1% (S3), Peróxido de Hidrogênio 1% (S4), Digluconato de Clorexidina 0,12% - Periogard(r) (S5), Enxaguatório bucal a base de óleos essenciais - Listerine(r) (S6), e óleo essencial de Rosmarinus officinalis(alecrim) nas concentrações 1% (S7) e 2% (S8). A atividade antifúngica foi avaliada por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar e da determinação da curva de morte microbiana de amostras de C. albicans (ATCC 90028) na concentração 1,5×106 UFC/mL. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata e a análise estatística se deu pelos testes ANOVA Two-Way e Tukey, sendo adotado nível de confiança de 95%.Resultado:A média dos halos de inibição do crescimento, em milímetros, obtidos para os produtos foram: 0,0 (S1); 44,7 (S2); 0,0 (S3); 21,6 (S4); 10,0 (S5); 6,1 (S6); 0,0 (S7) e 2,4 (S8). Para curva de morte microbiana, todos os produtos apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) do grupo controle (cloreto de sódio 0,85%) e do grupo S3. Verificou-se crescimento fúngico inferior a 2×104 UFC/mL e acentuação na curva de morte microbiana após 30 minutos de ação, a exceção do grupo S3.Conclusão:As substâncias analisadas, a exceção do Bicarbonato de Sódio, possuem ação antifúngica frente C. albicans, podendo contribuir para higienização de próteses.

Introduction:The effectiveness of antimicrobial solutions employed in dental prosthesis decontamination is still uncertain.Aim: To evaluate the antifungal activity of cleaners used in the decontamination of dental prostheses on the growth of Candida albicans.Material and method: The evaluated products were: Corega Tabs(r) (S1), Sodium Hypochlorite 1% (S2), Sodium Bicarbonate 1% (S3), Hydrogen Peroxide 1% (S4), Chlorhexidine Digluconate 0.12% - Periogard (r) (S5), Mouthrinse based on essential oils - Listerine(r) (S6), essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) at concentrations of 1% (S7) and 2% (S8). The antifungal activity of the products was evaluated by agar diffusion technique and the determination of microbial death curve of samples of C. albicans (ATCC 90028) in concentration 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL. The tests were performed in triplicate and statistical analysis was made by ANOVA Two-Way and Tukey tests, with the confidence level of 95%.Result:The average of the zones of inhibition growth, in millimeters, obtained for the products were: 0.0 (S1), 44.7 (S2), 0.0 (S3), 21.6 (S4), 10.0 (S5), 6.1 (S6), 0.0 (S7) and 2.4 (S8). Considering the determination of microbial death curve, all products showed a statistical difference (p<0.01) from control (0.85% sodium chloride) and S3 groups. Fungal growth less than 2×104 CFU/mL and an accentuation of the microbial death curve were observed after 30 minutes, with exception for S3 and control groups.Conclusion:The studied compounds, with the exception of Sodium Bicarbonate, have antifungal effect against C. albicans, which contribute for dental prostheses hygiene.